Genital warts (HPV)

What are genital warts?

Genital warts (condylomas) are benign skin lesions caused by certain types of genital warts. HPV types (mostly 6 and 11). They are none „malignant“ tumours. Many infections heal on their own, but visible warts often persist and are contagious - therefore treatment.

What is HPV?

HPV stands for human papillomavirus - a large family of viruses. There are types that are mainly Genital warts (low-risk types) and High-risk types, which in the long term Precancerous lesions z. e.g. in the anal, penile or throat area. Most infections heal spontaneously within 1-2 years. The following are problematic persistent Infections with high-risk types.

Transmission routes & risk

Transmission occurs during anal, vaginal or oral sex and through close skin contact (rubbing, shared sex toys). Condoms reduce the risk, but do not cover all contact surfaces. There is an increased risk with frequently changing partners, minor skin injuries, smoking and a weakened immune system. Genital warts on the Penis, After or generally in the Intimate area are equally contagious.

Symptoms & course

Typical Genital warts symptoms in men
Small, soft, skin-coloured to rosy Nodules, single or in bunches, sometimes like a small Goblet. They can itch, irritate or bleed, but do not necessarily hurt. Common locations: Penis/ Foreskin, Circumference of the acorn, Dam, After and Anal rim; less frequently in the mouth/throat.

Initial stage
Tiny, smooth papules, often only palpable. Early therapy is particularly effective here.

Course
If left untreated, warts can grow, merge or multiply. They are as long as contagious, until they are completely healed. A Itching can occur, but is none „good sign“ - rather irritation.

Test & diagnosis

The diagnosis is usually made Clinical by looking and, if necessary. Dermatoscopy. In case of unclear findings or intra-anal location, a smear test, a proctoscopy or, rarely, a HPV typing/histology may be necessary. In the case of visible lesions: do not manipulate, seek medical advice.

Treatment / Therapy

There are several Effective methods - Selection depending on size, location, number and preferences:

• Icing (cryotherapy)
  Fast, effective; several sessions possible.
• Laser/electrocoagulation or surgical ablation
  For larger or stubborn findings, usually with local anaesthetic.
• Local medication
  Imiquimod cream, podophyllotoxin solution/gel, sinecatechins. Use according to instructions, arrange follow-up appointments.
• Home remedy?
  Not recommended. Vinegar, tea tree oil etc. irritate the skin, delay healing and increase the risk of infection.

After treatment Controls as warts can come back. Partner information helps to break chains of infection.

Protection / Prevention

• HPV vaccination protects against the most common types of warts (6/11) and high-risk types. Also for Men sensible - please check with your doctor, age and cost coverage vary.
• Condoms/gloves reduce but do not completely prevent HPV.
• Own sex toy use and clean/coat.
• Reduce/quit smoking - supports the healing process.
• For visible warts Protect contact surfaces and be careful until healed.

Everyday life & Community

Genital warts are common and treatable - Shame is unnecessary. Open dialogue makes treatment and protection easier. For warts in the After or in case of pain/bleeding: proctological clarification. HIV-positive people often need closer monitoring; however, therapy is just as effective.

What to do with ...

... new nodules on the penis/after?
Do not scratch, do not treat with household remedies. Go to a medical practice for clarification and treatment.

... recurring warts after treatment?
This happens. Have treatment again, check immunisation, reduce risk factors (smoking, irritation).

... genital warts and itching?
Itching is an irritation - not a sign of healing. Avoid scratching, apply local therapy cleanly, keep a check.

FAQ - Frequently asked questions about genital warts